NMR spectroscopic study of the Murex trunculus dyeing process.

The Biblical Dye Tekhelet and its Use in Jewish Textiles

Two purple textile dyes are referred to in ancient records: one had a blue hue and the other a red.1 The bluish purple was named tekhelet in biblical and Talmudic Hebrew and ‘hyacinthine purple’ by the Romans. The reddish variety was called argaman in the Hebrew and ‘Tyrian purple’ by the Romans. Archaeological findings in the Mediterranean area have indicated that the ancients utilised three s...

HPLC-PDA analysis of brominated indirubinoid, indigoid, and isatinoid dyes

The Purples and Violets of Phoenicia and of the Bible, the most royal and sacred of all ancient textile dyes, were produced from certain species of Levantine mollusks. The colors fashioned from these sea snails were known as Tyrian or Royal Purple and Biblical Blue. These Mediterranean Muricidae marine creatures, whose common familial approbation is Murex, were in use for the industrial biochem...

The First Optimal All-Murex All-Natural Purple Dyeing in the Eastern Mediterranean in a Millennium and a Half

DNA-interacting proteins in the spermiogenesis of the mollusc Murex brandaris.

Sperm chromatin of Murex brandaris (a neogastropod mollusc) undergoes a series of structural transitions during spermiogenesis. The DNA-interacting proteins responsible for these changes as well as the mature protamines present in the ripe sperm nucleus have been characterized. The results reveal that spermiogenic nuclear proteins are protamine precursors that are subjected to a substantial num...

Naphthalene-based azo dyes: Synthesis, characterization and dyeing performance on polyester fibers

In the present study, five naphthalene-based azo dyes were obtained using classical azo coupling reactions. The structure of the dyes was characterized and confirmed by the UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses. The solvatochromic behavior of the dyes was studied in a set of 10 solvents with different polarity and considerable results were obtained. The dyes were applied as disperse dyes t...